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All Nobel Prizes won by women

List of female Nobel laureates.

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Fonte Wikipedia

Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Physics, Literature, Peace, Physiology or Medicine and Economics. All but the economics prize were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel prize in Economics, or The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for outstanding contributions in the field of Economics. Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Swedish Academy awards the Prize in Literature, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a cash prize that has varied throughout the years.

As of 2015, Nobel Prizes have been awarded to 822 men, 48 women, and 26 organizations. Sixteen women have won the Nobel Peace Prize, fourteen have won the Nobel Prize in Literature, twelve have won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, four have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, two have won the Nobel Prize in Physics and one, Elinor Ostrom, has won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The first woman to win a Nobel Prize was Marie Curie, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel. Curie is also the only woman to have won multiple Nobel Prizes; in 1911, she won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Curie's daughter, Irène Joliot-Curie, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935, making the two the only mother-daughter pair to have won Nobel Prizes. The most Nobel Prizes awarded to women in a single year was in 2009, when five women became laureates. The most recent women to be awarded a Nobel Prize were Tu Youyou and Svetlana Alexievich (2015).

Laureates:

Year	Laureate	Country	Category	Rationale
1903	Marie Skłodowska Curie (shared with Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel)	Poland and France	Physics	"in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel"
1905	Bertha von Suttner	Austria–Hungary	Peace	Honorary President of Permanent International Peace Bureau, Bern, Switzerland; Author of Lay Down Your Arms.
1909	Selma Lagerlöf	Sweden	Literature	"in appreciation of the lofty idealism, vivid imagination and spiritual perception that characterize her writings"
1911	Marie Skłodowska Curie	Poland and France	Chemistry	"for her discovery of radium and polonium"
1926	Grazia Deledda	Italy	Literature	"for her idealistically inspired writings which with plastic clarity picture the life on her native island and with depth and sympathy deal with human problems in general"
1928	Sigrid Undset	Norway	Literature	"principally for her powerful descriptions of Northern life during the Middle Ages"
1931	Jane Addams (shared with Nicholas Murray Butler)	United States	Peace	Sociologist; International President, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.
1935	Irène Joliot-Curie (shared with Frédéric Joliot-Curie)	France	Chemistry	"for their synthesis of new radioactive elements"
1938	Pearl S. Buck	United States	Literature	"for her rich and truly epic descriptions of peasant life in China and for her biographical masterpieces"
1945	Gabriela Mistral	Chile	Literature	"for her lyric poetry which, inspired by powerful emotions, has made her name a symbol of the idealistic aspirations of the entire Latin American world"
1946	Emily Greene Balch (shared with John Raleigh Mott)	United States	Peace	Formerly Professor of History and Sociology; Honorary International President, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.
1947	Gerty Theresa Cori (shared with Carl Ferdinand Cori and Bernardo Houssay)	United States	Physiology or Medicine	"for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen"
1963	Maria Goeppert-Mayer (shared with J. Hans D. Jensen and Eugene Wigner)	United States	Physics	"for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure"
1964	Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin	United Kingdom	Chemistry	"for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances"^[21]
1966	Nelly Sachs (shared with Samuel Agnon)	Sweden and Germany	Literature	"for her outstanding lyrical and dramatic writing, which interprets Israel's destiny with touching strength"
1976	Betty Williams	United Kingdom	Peace	Founder of the Northern Ireland Peace Movement (later renamed Community of Peace People)
1976	Mairead Corrigan	United Kingdom	Peace
1977	Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (shared with Roger Guillemin and Andrew Schally)	United States	Physiology or Medicine	"for the development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones"
1979	Mother Teresa	India and Yugoslavia	Peace	Leader of Missionaries of Charity, Calcutta.
1982	Alva Myrdal (shared with Alfonso García Robles)	Sweden	Peace	Former Cabinet Minister; Diplomat; Writer.
1983	Barbara McClintock	United States	Physiology or Medicine	"for her discovery of mobile genetic elements"
1986	Rita Levi-Montalcini (shared with Stanley Cohen)	Italy and United States	Physiology or Medicine	"for their discoveries of growth factors"
1988	Gertrude B. Elion (shared with James W. Black and George H. Hitchings)	United States	Physiology or Medicine	"for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment"
1991	Nadine Gordimer	South Africa	Literature	"who through her magnificent epic writing has - in the words of Alfred Nobel - been of very great benefit to humanity"
1991	Aung San Suu Kyi	Burma	Peace	"for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights"
1992	Rigoberta Menchú	Guatemala	Peace	"in recognition of her work for social justice and ethno-cultural reconciliation based on respect for the rights of indigenous peoples"
1993	Toni Morrison	United States	Literature	"who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality"
1995	Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard (shared with Edward B. Lewis and Eric F. Wieschaus)	Germany	Physiology or Medicine	"for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development"
1996	Wislawa Szymborska	Poland	Literature	"for poetry that with ironic precision allows the historical and biological context to come to light in fragments of human reality"
1997	Jody Williams (shared with the International Campaign to Ban Landmines)	United States	Peace	"for their work for the banning and clearing of anti-personnel mines"
2003	Shirin Ebadi	Iran	Peace	"for her efforts for democracy and human rights. She has focused especially on the struggle for the rights of women and children"
2004	Elfriede Jelinek	Austria	Literature	"for her musical flow of voices and counter-voices in novels and plays that with extraordinary linguistic zeal reveal the absurdity of society's clichés and their subjugating power"
	Wangari Maathai	Kenya	Peace	"for her contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace"
	Linda B. Buck (shared with Richard Axel)	United States	Physiology or Medicine	"for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system"
2007	Doris Lessing	United Kingdom	Literature	"that epicist of the female experience, who with scepticism, fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilisation to scrutiny"
2008	Françoise Barré-Sinoussi (shared with Harald zur Hausen and Luc Montagnier)	France	Physiology or Medicine	"for their discovery of HIV, human immunodeficiency virus"
2009	Elizabeth Blackburn (shared with Jack W. Szostak)	Australia and United States	Physiology or Medicine	"for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase"
	Carol W. Greider (shared with Jack W. Szostak)	United States	Physiology or Medicine
	Ada E. Yonath (shared with Venkatraman Ramakrishnan and Thomas A. Steitz)	Israel	Chemistry	"for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome"
	Herta Müller	Germany and Romania	Literature	"who, with the concentration of poetry and the frankness of prose, depicts the landscape of the dispossessed"
	Elinor Ostrom (shared with Oliver E. Williamson)	United States	Economics	"for her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons"
2011	Ellen Johnson Sirleaf	Liberia	Peace	"For their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women's rights to full participation in peace-building work"
	Leymah Gbowee	Liberia
	Tawakel Karman	Yemen
2013	Alice Munro	Canada	Literature	"master of the contemporary short story"
2014	May-Britt Moser (shared with Edvard Moser and John O'Keefe)	Norway	Physiology or Medicine	"for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain"
2014	Malala Yousafzai (shared with Kailash Satyarthi)	Pakistan	Peace	"for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education".
2015	Tu Youyou (shared with William C. Campbell and Satoshi Ōmura)	China	Physiology or Medicine	"for her discoveries concerning a novel therapy against Malaria"
2015	Svetlana Alexievich	Belarus	Literature	"for her polyphonic writings, a monument to suffering and courage in our time"